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| Developmental dysplasia of the hip |
What is Developmental dysplasia of the hip?
Hip dysplasia is the medical term for a hip covering that does not cover the ball part of the upper thigh bone. This allows the hip joint to become fully or partially dislocated. Most people with hip dysplasia are born with this condition.
Doctors will check your baby for signs of hip dysplasia shortly after birth and during follow-up wellness visits. If hip dysplasia is diagnosed in early childhood, a soft brace can usually prepare for the problem.
Mild cases of hip dysplasia may not begin to cause symptoms until the person is a teenager or young adult. Hip dysplasia can damage the cartilage that lines the joint, as can damage the soft cartilage (labrum) that lines the hollow part of the hip joint. This is called a labral tear.
In older children and young adults, surgery may be needed to move the bones into the proper positions to facilitate the movement of the joint.
symptom Developmental dysplasia of the hip
Signs and symptoms vary by age group. You may notice in infants that one leg is longer than the other. The child may develop a limp as soon as they begin to walk. During diaper changes, you may find that one hip is less flexible than the other.
In teens and young adults, hip dysplasia can cause painful complications such as osteoarthritis or tearing of the labrum. This may cause pain in the groin area when doing some activities. In some cases, you may feel unsteady in the hip.
Causes of symptomatic developmental dysplasia of the hip
At birth, the hip joint is made of smooth cartilage that gradually hardens until the bone is formed. and the hip head and socket need to fit together well; Because they work as templates that overlap each other. If the femoral head is not firmly seated in the socket, the socket will not form fully around the round ball-like part and will become very shallow.
During the last month before childbirth, the uterus can narrow so much that the head of the hip joint moves out of its normal position, resulting in a reduction in the depth of the cavity. Factors that may lead to uterine tightness include:
- first pregnancy
- A large fetus
- The breech position of the fetus
Risk factors of developmental dysplasia of the hip
Hip dysplasia runs in families, especially in girls. The risk of hip dysplasia is also increased in babies born in a breech position and in babies who are wrapped tightly with straightened hips and knees.
Complications of developmental dysplasia of the hip
Hip dysplasia can later damage the soft cartilage (labrum) that lines the socket of the hip joint. This is called a labral tear. Hip dysplasia can also make the joint more susceptible to osteoarthritis. This is caused by higher contact stresses on a surface smaller than the lumen. Over time, this wears away the smooth cartilage on the bones which helps them slide against each other as the joint moves.
During follow-up visits to a child's health, doctors usually look for hip dysplasia by moving the infant's legs in several directions, which can help indicate whether the hip bones are aligned or not.
Mild cases of hip dysplasia can be difficult to diagnose and may not cause problems in a young adult. If your doctor suspects hip dysplasia, he or she may suggest imaging tests such as an X-ray or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip
- Soft brace used to treat hip dysplasia in infants
- Pavlica braceOpen popup dialogInfant in spike splint.
- Roller ligament saccades Open the pop-up dialog box. Cut the bones around the acetabulum
- Cut the hip bones around the acetabulum Open the pop-up dialog box
Treatment for hip dysplasia depends on the age of the affected person and the extent of the hip damage. Infants are usually treated with a soft brace, such as a Pavlik harness, to hold the ball of the joint well in place for several months. This helps the cavity to take the shape of this sphere.
The brace does not work on infants older than six months either. Instead, the doctor may move the bones into place and then hold them there for several months using a full-body brace. Sometimes surgery is needed to adjust the joint bones together properly.
If the dysplasia is more severe, the position of the pelvic cavity can also be corrected. In a pericyte hip osteotomy, the socket is cut and separated from the pelvis and then repositioned so that it better matches the spherical part.